In a historic move, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky signed Decree No. 17/2024 on January 22, 2024, addressing the rights and cultural identity of Ukrainians historically residing in territories now part of the Russian Federation. This decree, a significant political statement, underscores the long-standing cultural and historical connections between Ukraine and these regions, while advocating for the protection of Ukrainian national identity and heritage.

Historical Context and Territories

The decree focuses on areas within Russia that have historically been home to Ukrainian communities, including Kuban, Starodubshchyna, Northern and Eastern Slobozhanshchyna, encompassing modern territories such as Krasnodar Krai, Belgorod, Bryansk, Voronezh, Kursk, and Rostov regions. These areas hold deep historical significance for Ukraine, reflecting centuries of shared history, culture, and people-to-people ties.

Protection of Rights and Freedoms

A key aspect of the decree is the emphasis on the need for Russia to adhere to its international obligations regarding the rights of Ukrainians living within its borders. This includes the provision of Ukrainian language education, freedom to use the Ukrainian language, and ensuring civil, social, cultural, and religious rights. The decree also highlights the importance of access to Ukrainian language media and the right to peaceful assembly.

Strategies for Preserving National Identity

President Zelensky's decree mandates the Ukrainian Cabinet of Ministers to develop a comprehensive plan, involving international experts and representatives from the World Congress of Ukrainians, to preserve the national identity of Ukrainians in Russia. This includes collecting and studying facts and evidence of crimes committed against Ukrainians in these territories, addressing policies of forced Russification, political repression, and deportations.

Combating Misinformation and Propaganda

The decree calls for active efforts to counter Russian misinformation and propaganda regarding the history and present-day situation of Ukrainians in Russia. This involves collaboration with domestic and international scholars, experts, and the Ukrainian diaspora to organize events aimed at debunking Russian myths about Ukraine.

Conclusion

Decree No. 17/2024 represents a crucial step in Ukraine's efforts to assert and protect the identity and rights of Ukrainians living in historically significant regions now part of Russia. It reflects a broader commitment to preserving cultural heritage and ensuring that the voices and experiences of Ukrainians are recognized and respected on the international stage.